in: Analysis, Volume 80, Issue 3 AbstractDaniel C. Dennett has long maintained that the Consequence Argument for incompatibilism is confused. In a joint work with Christopher Taylor, he claims to have

Shlomi Segall is Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem ABSTRACTTelic egalitarianism is the view that equality matters for its own sake. Equality

Ludvig Beckman

I am Professor in Political Science at Stockholm University. In 2000 I defended my dissertation at Uppsala University. I participate in the research project "The Boundary Problem in Democratic Theory" t

Futures, vol. 167 Abstract We stipulate a normatively desirable scenario for food production in 2100 and formulate a specific technology-centered path to reach it. In this scenario, the human population

- Neoliberalism and a System of violence after the US invasion, 2003-2011 Dr Thomas Sommer-Houdeville, Stockholm University, Department of Sociology. ABSTRACT After the invasion of Iraq and the destructi

in: Technology in Society. 63, 101396 Abstract:Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the form of Deep Learning (DL) technology has diffused in the consumer domain in a unique way as compared to previous gene, i.e., by being added to preexisting technologies that are already in use. We find that DL-algorithms for recommendations or ranking have been infused into all the 15 most popular mobile applications (apps) in the U.S. (as of May 2019). DL-infusion enables fast and vast diffusion. For example, when a DL-system was infused into YouTube, it almost immediately reached a third of the world's population. We argue that existing theories of innovation diffusion and adoption have limited relevance for DL-infusion, because it is a process that is driven by enterprises rather than individuals. We also discuss its social and ethical implications. First, consumers have a limited ability to detect and evaluate an infused technology. DL-infusion may thus help to explain why AI's presence in society has not been challenged by many. Second, the DL-providers are likely to face conflicts of interest, since consumer and supplier goals are not always aligned. Third, infusion is likely to be a particularly important diffusion process for DL-technologies as compared to other innovations, because they need large data sets to function well, which can be drawn from preexisting users. Related, it seems that larger technology companies comparatively benefit more from DL-infusion, because they already have many users. This suggests that the value drawn from DL is likely to follow a Matthew Effect of accumulated advantage online: many preexisting users provide a lot of behavioral data, which bring about better DL-driven features, which attract even more users, etc. Such a self-reinforcing process could limit the possibilities for new companies to compete. This way, the notion of DL-infusion may put light on the power shift that comes with the presence of AI in society.

In Hanemaayer, A. (editor) Artificial Intelligence and Its Discontents. Palgrave. Abstract AI has often reached individuals covertly, rather than by their own choosing. Standard automatic version update