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Emergent Cultural Differences in Online Communities’ Norms of Fairness
Games and Cultures, doi.org/10.1177/1555412018800650 Abstract Unpredictable social dynamics can dominate social outcomes even in carefully designed societies like online multiplayer games. According to
Anandi Hattiangadi: Philosophical aspects of implicit bias
Anandi Hattiangadi, Professor of Philosophy at Stockholm University. ABSTRACT Recent empirical work on implicit cognition has revealed that many of us display biases in behaviour which are unavailable t
Olli Kangas: Experimenting with “Basic Income” (BI) in Finland
Olli Kangas, Professor, Director of Governmental Relations, Social Insurance Institution, Kela, Finland ABSTRACT Changes in labour markets, too complex social security system, monetary disincentive prob
Mark Jaccard: Economic Efficiency vs Political Acceptability Trade-offs in GHG-reduction Policies
Mark Jaccard, Professor in the School of Resource and Environmental Management at Simon Fraser University, VancouverAbstractThere are obvious reasons why for three decades most jurisdictions have failPublic surveys and observation of real-world GHG reduction successes suggest that explicit carbon pricing (carbon tax and perhaps cap-and-trade) can be substantially more politically difficult than certain regulatory policies for shifting the energy system on to a deep decarbonization trajectory. Nonetheless, some people have argued that carbon pricing is an essential GHG reduction policy, suggesting that sincere politicians must do carbon pricing no matter how politically difficult. But the claim that carbon pricing is essential is factually incorrect. Deep decarbonization can be achieved entirely with regulations. Regulatory policies are unlikely to be as economically efficient as carbon pricing. But not all regulations perform identically when it comes to the economic-efficiency criterion. Flexible regulations have some attributes that make them low cost relative to regulations that require adoption of specific technologies.This talk provides evidence that assesses both the relative economic efficiency of policies and their relative political acceptability. The findings reported here suggest that some kinds of flexible regulations can perform significantly better than explicit carbon pricing in terms of relative political cost per tonne reduced while performing only marginally worse in terms of economic cost per tonne reduced. Presumably, this type of trade-off information could be of value to politicians who sincerely want deep decarbonization but would also like to be rewarded with re-election so that they and competing politicians see the value in ambitious and sustained GHG reduction efforts.
