Children and Youth Services Review, In Press, Accepted Manuscript. Published online before print August 21, 2015, doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.08.013 Poverty among children and adolescents attracts con

Oskar Nordström Skans och Lena Hensvik, Institutet för arbetsmarknads- och utbildningspolitisk utvärdering The Montgomery (1991) model of employee referrals suggests that it is optimal for firms to sel

Workshop talk: Who attacks cultural heritage in war, and what effects does it have on subsequent violence?

Joakim Kreutz, Political Science, Stockholm University: "Who attacks heritage in war, and what effect does it have on subsequent violence? Findings from global research on attacks on sacred spaces, 19

in: Technology in Society. 63, 101396 Abstract:Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the form of Deep Learning (DL) technology has diffused in the consumer domain in a unique way as compared to previous gene, i.e., by being added to preexisting technologies that are already in use. We find that DL-algorithms for recommendations or ranking have been infused into all the 15 most popular mobile applications (apps) in the U.S. (as of May 2019). DL-infusion enables fast and vast diffusion. For example, when a DL-system was infused into YouTube, it almost immediately reached a third of the world's population. We argue that existing theories of innovation diffusion and adoption have limited relevance for DL-infusion, because it is a process that is driven by enterprises rather than individuals. We also discuss its social and ethical implications. First, consumers have a limited ability to detect and evaluate an infused technology. DL-infusion may thus help to explain why AI's presence in society has not been challenged by many. Second, the DL-providers are likely to face conflicts of interest, since consumer and supplier goals are not always aligned. Third, infusion is likely to be a particularly important diffusion process for DL-technologies as compared to other innovations, because they need large data sets to function well, which can be drawn from preexisting users. Related, it seems that larger technology companies comparatively benefit more from DL-infusion, because they already have many users. This suggests that the value drawn from DL is likely to follow a Matthew Effect of accumulated advantage online: many preexisting users provide a lot of behavioral data, which bring about better DL-driven features, which attract even more users, etc. Such a self-reinforcing process could limit the possibilities for new companies to compete. This way, the notion of DL-infusion may put light on the power shift that comes with the presence of AI in society.

Torsten Persson is Professor of Economics at Institute for International Economic Studies, Stockholm University. ABSTRACT Can a democracy attract competent leaders, while attaining broad representation?

Throughout history, people have consulted everything from oracles to crystal balls in order to predict the future. But it was not until the 1960s that interest developed in a more systematic study of

OUPblog, Oxford University Press’s Academic Insights for the Thinking World. Shouldn’t society provide a safety net for all in modern society? The radical idea of ensuring a regular stream of cash paym

This is a hybrid workshop. If you wish to join, get in touch with Olle Torpman, [email protected] more information about the workshop, including abstracts, visitthe project website Agenda Wednesd10.00–11:45 Julia Nefsky: Expexted Utility, the Pond Analogy and Imperfect Duties13.30–14.30 Anne Schwenkenbecher: We-mode reasoning about our environmental obligations14.45–15.45 Vuko Andric: 

Physica Scripta 89 128005 (7pp) Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Abstract  Global catastrophic risk is a term that refers to the risk of the occurrence of an event that kills at least millions of people

Frontiers in Climate 4 Abstract Since introducing a path-breaking carbon tax in 2008, the western Canadian province of British Columbia (BC) has attracted significant attention from climate policy schola